Direct & Indirect

DIRECT AND INDIRECT

Direct and Indirect itu merupkan kalimat langsung dan tidak langsung ,

Kalimat direct and indirect terdiri dari 3:

1.      Statement (pernyataan)

2.      Question (pertanyaan)

3.      Command (Perintah)

Perubahan perubahan yang perlu dari direct and indirect speech:

1.      To be and Auxiliary Verb.

Fungsi auxiliary verb adalah untuk menambah/membantu arti terhadap kata kerja utama di belakangnya.

Example : I am Studying. (+ing merupakan Auxiliary verb)

Contoh To be pada kalimat direct and indirect speech.

DIRECT	INDIRECT
Am/is/are	Was/were
Shall/will	Should/would
Can	Could
Must	Has to/Have to
Ought to	Had to
May	Might

2.      Time and place.

DIRECT	INDIRECT
Now	Then
Tomorrow	The following day
Next week	The following week
To night	That night
Today	That day
Yesterday	The day before
Last week	The week before
Here	There
This	That
These	Those

3.      Tenses

DIRECT	INDIRECT
Simple present	Simple past
Simple past/present perfect	Past perfect
Present continuous	Past Continuous
Present perfect continuous	Past perfect continuous
Simple future	Past future

Dalam struktur kata dipakai kata “THAT” yang berfungsi sebagai kata penghubung dari kata kata pengantar dan kata kata yang dilaporkan.

Kata Tanya

Seperti :

Where,Whwn,Why,What,Who,dan How,digunakan sebagai penghubung reported speech.

Example:

Jhon ask”How will you go there”? (Direct)

Jhon ask me how I would go there. (Indirect)

Command

Positive ditambah “TO” didepan kalimat perintah

Negative ditambah “NOT TO” didepan kalimat perintah.

Berfungsi sebagai penghubung antara kalimat penghantar dan kalimat yang di laporkan.

Example:

He ask me”Open your book”

He ask me to open my book.

He ask me not to open my book.

That's intro and about Direct and Indirect, so i will give any example about Direct and Indirect : ( 10 Sentences )

1. Direct   : She says to her friend, ” I have been writing “.

    Indirect : She says to her friend that he has been writing. (tidak berubah)

2.  Direct   : She has told you, ” I am reading “.

     Indirect : She has told you that he is reading. (tidak berubah)

3.  Direct   : She will say, ” You have done wrongly “.

     Indirect : She will tell you that you have done wrongly. (tidak berubah)

4. Direct   : She will say,” The boy wasn’t lazy “.

    Indirect : She will tell them that the boy wasn’t lazy. (tidak berubah)

5. Direct   : He said to me, “Where are you going?”
    

    Indirect : He asked me where I was going

6. Direct   :  He said to me, “What are you doing?”

    Indirect : He inquired of me what I was doing

7. Direct   : He said to me, “Are you going away today?”

    Indirect : He asked me whether I was going away that day.

8. Direct   : He asked me , “can you come along?”

    

   Indirect : He asked me if I could come along.

9. Direct  : Ineke says”The moon every night”

    

   Indirect : Ineke says that the moon every night.

 10. Direct   : Siska says,” The sun rises every morning.

      

       Indirect : Siska says that the sun rises every morning